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Vargas Llosa, en la Academia sa: "La novela salvará la democracia o morirá con ella" { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "NewsArticle", "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "WebPage", "@id": "/el-cultural/letras/20230209/vargas-llosa-academia-sa-novela-salvara-democracia/740176177_0.html" }, "headline": "Vargas Llosa, en la Academia sa: \"La novela salvar\u00e1 la democracia o morir\u00e1 con ella\"", "isAccessibleForFree": true, "image": [ { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://image.staticox.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fs1.elespanol.com%2F2023%2F02%2F09%2Fel-cultural%2Fletras%2F740186716_230778479_1706x960.jpg", "height": 960, "width": 1706 }, { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://image.staticox.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fs1.elespanol.com%2F2023%2F02%2F09%2Fel-cultural%2Fletras%2F740186716_230778480_1024x576.jpg", "height": 576, "width": 1024 }, { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://image.staticox.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fs1.elespanol.com%2F2023%2F02%2F09%2Fel-cultural%2Fletras%2F740186716_230778490_1706x1280.jpg", "height": 1280, "width": 1706 }, { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://image.staticox.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fs1.elespanol.com%2F2023%2F02%2F09%2Fel-cultural%2Fletras%2F740186716_230778500_1706x640.jpg", "height": 640, "width": 1706 } ], "datePublished": "2023-02-09T16:01:11+01:00", "dateModified": "2023-02-09T18:23:37+01:00", "author": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Fernando D\u00edaz de Quijano", "jobTitle": "Journalist", "url": "/autor/fernando-diaz-de-quijano/" } ], "keywords": "Mario Vargas Llosa, Escritores, Francia, Letras", "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "El Espa\u00f1ol", "url": "/", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://s1.elespanol.com/static/ESPEspanol/img/elespanol-logo.png?hash=d57d", "height": 60, "width": 260 } }, "description": "El escritor ingresa con un discurso dedicado a la libertad, a la cultura sa, a autores como Camus y Sartre y a su predecesor, Michel Serres", "articleSection": "Letras", "articleBody": "Mario Vargas Llosa ha ingresado este jueves en la Academia sa, la m\u00e1xima instituci\u00f3n ling\u00fc\u00edstica de nuestro pa\u00eds vecino. Lo ha hecho en una sesi\u00f3n solemne bajo la majestuosa c\u00fapula del Instituto de Francia, el complejo parisino que alberga esta y otras cuatro academias, con introducci\u00f3n de tambores y ataviado, como el resto de acad\u00e9micos, con el tradicional uniforme de gala de la academia con casaca oscura y hojas de olivo bordadas. Entre el p\u00fablico se encontraban el rey em\u00e9rito espa\u00f1ol Juan Carlos I y su hija la infanta Elena.\nEn su discurso, pronunciado con moderada soltura en franc\u00e9s a pesar de algunas trabas, el escritor hispanoperuano de 86 a\u00f1os ha destacado \"la soberan\u00eda\" que la cultura sa ten\u00eda en Latinoam\u00e9rica cuando \u00e9l era ni\u00f1o, ya que \"los artistas y los intelectuales la ten\u00edan por la m\u00e1s original y consistente\". En aquella \u00e9poca, viajar a Par\u00eds era \"la consecuci\u00f3n de un sue\u00f1o\", porque \"desde un punto de vista art\u00edstico, literario y sensual, fue la capital del mundo. Y ninguna otra ciudad podr\u00eda haberle disputado su corona\".\nEl ganador del Premio Nobel de Literatura de 2010 ha agradecido a Francia que, parad\u00f3jicamente, fuera el pa\u00eds que le hizo sentirse \"un escritor peruano y latinoamericano\". All\u00ed lleg\u00f3 por primera vez en 1959. \"Gracias a Francia descubr\u00ed la otra cara de Am\u00e9rica Latina, los problemas comunes a todos sus pa\u00edses, la horrible herencia de los golpes militares y del subdesarrollo, la guerrilla y los sue\u00f1os compartidos de liberaci\u00f3n\".\n[Vargas Llosa, en la Academia sa: estas son las pol\u00e9micas sobre su ingreso]\nVargas Llosa tambi\u00e9n ha reconocido en su discurso, que ha durado una hora, la fuerte influencia que la cultura sa ha ejercido en \u00e9l durante toda su vida, especialmente la lectura de los existencialistas Jean-Paul Sartre y Albert Camus en sus a\u00f1os de formaci\u00f3n, y ha recordado sus a\u00f1os de periodista en la radiotelevisi\u00f3n sa. Tambi\u00e9n ha mencionado a otros ilustres autores ses como Flaubert, Victor Hugo, Rimbaud, Saint-John Perse, Paul Val\u00e9ry y Andr\u00e9 Breton. Seg\u00fan es costumbre, Vargas Llosa tambi\u00e9n ha elogiado a su antecesor, el fil\u00f3sofo e historiador de la ciencia Michel Serres.\n\"La vida deber\u00eda ser como en los libros: plena libertad en todo y para todos, aunque los libros permiten algunos excesos que, en la vida, ser\u00edan inisibles, especialmente en lo que se refiere a la violaci\u00f3n de los derechos humanos, reconocidos por los gobiernos democr\u00e1ticos, aunque con demasiada frecuencia como efecto anuncio\", ha afirmado el escritor. \"De ah\u00ed la necesidad de continuar la lucha, hasta que el mundo se asemeje al mundo de la literatura, aunque s\u00f3lo sea en el reino de la libertad. Este es un ideal realista y alcanzable, siempre que lo tengamos en mente y trabajemos en ello\".\n\n\"La novela salvar\u00e1 la democracia o se da\u00f1ar\u00e1 con ella y desaparecer\u00e1. Siempre permanecer\u00e1 \u2014\u00bfc\u00f3mo dudarlo?\u2014 esa caricatura que los pa\u00edses totalitarios nos venden como novelas, pero que s\u00f3lo existen despu\u00e9s de haber pasado por la censura que los mutila, para apoyar a las fantasmag\u00f3ricas instituciones de payasadas similares a la democracia, de las que nos da ejemplo la Rusia de Vladimir Putin. Y lo vemos atacar a la desdichada Ucrania dando lugar a la sorpresa del siglo cuando esta \u00faltima naci\u00f3n le resiste, a pesar de su superioridad militar, sus bombas at\u00f3micas y sus multitudinarias tropas. Como en las novelas, aqu\u00ed los d\u00e9biles triunfan sobre los fuertes, porque la justicia de su causa es infinitamente mayor que la de estos \u00faltimos, supuestamente poderosos. Como en la literatura, las cosas se hacen bien y confirman una justicia inmanente que existe, hay que decirlo, s\u00f3lo en nuestros sue\u00f1os\".\n[Vargas Llosa y el mundo de 'Madame Bovary']\nEn la mesa presidencial estaba el acad\u00e9mico Daniel Rondeau, encargado de responderle, flanqueado por la secretaria general de la instituci\u00f3n, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Carr\u00e8re d'Encause, y por el escritor Amin Maalouf, que apadrin\u00f3 la candidatura de Vargas Llosa junto con Florence Delay.\n\"La alianza de tradici\u00f3n y vida nos invita hoy a acoger entre nosotros a Mario Vargas Llosa, un inmenso escritor, peruano de nacimiento, sudamericano, que siempre ha escrito en espa\u00f1ol, a quien la patria de Cervantes, en la persona de de Felipe Gonz\u00e1lez y Juan Carlos, ofreci\u00f3 la nacionalidad espa\u00f1ola cuando casi hab\u00eda perdido la suya, pero que nunca dej\u00f3 de trabajar por la inmortalidad de la lengua sa alabando nuestra literatura en todos sus campos de batalla\", ha agradecido Rondeau. Tambi\u00e9n ha recordado que el 7 de noviembre de 2010, en su discurso de aceptaci\u00f3n del Nobel, Vargas Llosa mencion\u00f3 a Francia.\n\nEn aquel discurso, Vargas Llosa dijo: \"De ni\u00f1o so\u00f1aba con ir un d\u00eda a Par\u00eds porque, deslumbrado por la literatura sa, cre\u00eda que vivir all\u00ed y respirar el aire que hab\u00edan respirado Balzac, Stendhal, Baudelaire y Proust me ayudar\u00eda a convertirme en un verdadero escritor. [...] A Francia y a la cultura sa le debo lecciones inolvidables\".\n\"Hoy has venido ante nosotros para decirnos de nuevo cu\u00e1nto te ha ayudado la literatura sa a convertirte en el escritor que eres\", ha se\u00f1alado el acad\u00e9mico franc\u00e9s, que ha recordado los hitos en la biograf\u00eda y la obra de Vargas Llosa. Entre ellos, su internamiento en el colegio militar Leoncio Prado de Lima \u2014que inspir\u00f3 su primera novela, La ciudad y los perros\u2014 con una dura disciplina de la que el adolescente Vargas Llosa se evad\u00eda leyendo a Victor Hugo, que en su d\u00eda ocup\u00f3 el sill\u00f3n 14 de la misma academia donde a partir de ahora Vagas Llosa ocupar\u00e1 el 18.\nRondeau ha recordado que en un viaje a Lima en 1986, \"el fetichista literario\" que es, sabiendo que Vargas Llosa pas\u00f3 una temporada en el Leoncio Prado, le hizo comprar un bander\u00edn del colegio, que ha mostrado desatando las risas y los aplausos del auditorio. \n\nEl nombramiento de Vargas Llosa como miembro de la Academia sa ha estado rodeado por cierta pol\u00e9mica, ya que es el primer autor que alcanza este honor sin haber escrito nunca directamente en franc\u00e9s.\nVargas Llosa portaba una espada ceremonial que le entreg\u00f3 anoche la secretaria perpetua de la instituci\u00f3n, la historiadora y polit\u00f3loga H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Carr\u00e8re d'Encausse, que lleva en ese puesto desde 1990.\nOtro de los motivos de expectaci\u00f3n ante esta ceremonia era la invitaci\u00f3n que Vargas Llosa hizo al rey em\u00e9rito espa\u00f1ol Juan Carlos I, que ha asistido junto a su hija la infanta Cristina. Tras la ruptura sentimental entre el escritor e Isabel Preysler, Vargas Llosa ha estado acompa\u00f1ado en Par\u00eds por sus hijos y por su exesposa, Patricia Llosa.\nCon su ingreso, Vargas Llosa (Arequipa, Per\u00fa, 1936) pasa a formar parte de \"los inmortales\", como se conoce a los de la Academia sa, que fue fundada en 1635 por el cardenal Richelieu. Adem\u00e1s, el Nobel hispanoperuano es miembro de la Real Academia Espa\u00f1ola desde 1994 (aunque tom\u00f3 posesi\u00f3n en 1996) y de la Academia Peruana de la Lengua desde 1975.\nEl Nobel hispanoperuano, de 86 a\u00f1os, fue elegido como nuevo miembro de la Academia sa hace m\u00e1s de un a\u00f1o, el 25 de noviembre de 2021. Obtuvo 18 votos a favor, uno en blanco y dos abstenciones, imponi\u00e9ndose as\u00ed al otro candidato, el fot\u00f3grafo y cineasta Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Vignale, que solo obtuvo un voto.\n\nEn la sesi\u00f3n del jueves pasado, el Nobel hispanoperuano de 86 a\u00f1os se sent\u00f3 por primera vez en el lugar que sus compa\u00f1eros hab\u00edan elegido para \u00e9l, acompa\u00f1ado por sus dos padrinos, los escritores Florence Delay y Amin Maalouf. A diferencia de la Real Academia Espa\u00f1ola, donde Vargas Llosa ocupa el sill\u00f3n L desde 1996, en la Academia sa los asientos se designan con n\u00fameros, y desde ahora el escritor ocupar\u00e1 el n\u00famero 18 de manera vitalicia.\nEn el acto de la semana pasada, el autor de Conversaci\u00f3n en la catedral recibi\u00f3 la medalla de la Academia sa, estampada con el lema \"\u00c0 l\u2019Immortalit\u00e9\" y grabada con su nombre. Despu\u00e9s, como es tradici\u00f3n en los nuevos ingresos, se le asign\u00f3 una palabra del diccionario, en su caso \"X\u00e9r\u00e8s\" (Jerez), para que improvisara una reflexi\u00f3n sobre ella." } Loading... { "requests": { "pageview": "https://dmp.citiservi.es/8032/8037/transp.gif?RANDOM&cid=CLIENT_ID(_btrampid)&ref=SOURCE_URL&title=TITLE" }, "transport": { "beacon": false, "xhrpost": false, "image": true }, "triggers": { "trackPageview": { "on": "visible", "request": "pageview" } } } { "uiConfig": { "overlay": true }, "exposesTcfApi": true, "clientConfig": { "gdprAppliesGlobally": true, "config": { "app": { "apiKey": "ddf34e44-5386-4edd-8cfd-41b236983182", "deniedConsentDuration": 100 } } }, "policy": { "default": { "waitFor": { "didomi": [] }, "timeout": { "seconds": 0, "fallbackAction": "dismiss" } } } } { "vars": { "Id": "148" } } { "vars": { "GA4_MEASUREMENT_ID": "G-LWYFZFL63", "GA4_ENDPOINT_HOSTNAME": "", "DEFAULT_PAGEVIEW_ENABLED": true, "GOOGLE_CONSENT_ENABLED": false, "WEBVITALS_TRACKING": false, "PERFORMANCE_TIMING_TRACKING": false, "SEND_DOUBLECLICK_BEACON": false } } { "vars": { "GA4_MEASUREMENT_ID": "G-HKP6ECEF8C", "GA4_ENDPOINT_HOSTNAME": "", "DEFAULT_PAGEVIEW_ENABLED": true, "GOOGLE_CONSENT_ENABLED": false, "WEBVITALS_TRACKING": false, "PERFORMANCE_TIMING_TRACKING": false, "SEND_DOUBLECLICK_BEACON": false } } { "vars": { "c2": "19999699" }, "extraUrlParams": { "comscorekw": "amp" } } { "requests": { "custom_params": "_c1=elespanol.com&_c2=el-cultural" }, "vars": { "regionID": "es", "mediaID": "ElespanolAmp" }, "triggers": { "trackConsent": { "on": "visible", "request": "impression" } } } Secciones Apúntate a la newsletter Letras Críticas Libro de la semana Novela Ensayo Poesía Infantil y juvenil Los libros más vendidos Primeros capítulos Arte Críticas Exposiciones Arte internacional Arquitectura Videojuegos Escenarios Teatro Música Ópera Danza Flamenco Jazz Discos Cine Críticas Series Ciencia Entre dos aguas Historia Patrimonio Arqueología Opinión Luis María Anson Ignacio Echevarría Manuel Hidalgo Javier Gomá Ramón Andrés Puerta abierta DarDos Jardines colgantes Blogs Entreclásicos, por Rafael Narbona Stanislavblog, por Liz Perales En plan serie, por Enric Albero A la intemperie, por J. 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